| If you have money to invest, you can buy and sell | | | | If you want to buy or sell at a definite price, |
| stocks. There is a specialized vocabulary for stock | | | | whether above or below the current market price, |
| trading, but once you understand the fundamentals, | | | | you can place a "stop order" or a "limit order." The |
| you will have a better feeling for how the market | | | | stop order tells the broker to trade the stock at a |
| works. It's just as true for stock trading as it is for | | | | specified price, and the limit order calls for the broker |
| any investment: The more you know, the more | | | | to trade at the specified price or better. |
| successful you are apt to be. | | | | Stop orders are designed to limit losses and protect |
| Usually stocks are traded through brokers, who act | | | | profits. They go into effect when the market |
| as intermediaries, taking and fulfilling orders. "Full | | | | reaches the stop price, but may actually trade higher |
| service" brokers also can recommend which stocks | | | | or lower than the stop price because they are traded |
| to trade and give advice about the state of the | | | | at market price after they become active. At times, |
| market. These brokers charge higher commissions. In | | | | limit orders are not placed at all, even when the |
| order to save money, many people work with | | | | market has reached the limit price. This happens |
| discount brokers, who charge considerably less. | | | | when the market moves quickly and there is not |
| Discount brokers don't provide advice, but some | | | | enough time to execute the order before the stock |
| investors consider this a plus. | | | | prices goes below the limit price range. |
| Broker services may include online trading and | | | | To illustrate: You purchase Bell Canada (BCE) for $50 |
| broker-assisted trading. Some have options for | | | | a share, and then put in a stop order of $45. If the |
| placing telephone or online orders, such as Interactive | | | | price falls to $45, the stop order goes in effect, and |
| Voice Response Systems for telephone orders and | | | | the BCE stock will be sold at the market price. On |
| wireless trading systems that allow buyers to place | | | | the other hand, if you place a limit sell for $60 after |
| orders from their web-enabled handheld devices or | | | | purchasing BCE, your stock will be sold at a profit |
| cell phones. | | | | when the stock price reaches that amount. Also, you |
| Some brokers give you a password that allows you | | | | might purchase BCE with a limit buy order for $45. |
| to access their order department through their | | | | This theoretically would let you buy the stock at a |
| websites. Others have their own software for | | | | price lower than the current market rate ($50 in this |
| Internet orders. No matter what system is used, in | | | | example). If the price never falls to the limit buy |
| most cases a number of charting options are offered | | | | price, though, you will not buy any of that stock. |
| to help you track movements on the stock market. | | | | An order can be designated as "good till canceled" |
| Also, some services may include analysis software or | | | | (GTC) or as a "day order." As their names suggest, |
| offer it at additional cost. | | | | GTC orders remain in effect until they are canceled, |
| Different kinds of orders are made when selling or | | | | and day orders are only good until the end of the |
| purchasing stocks. A "market order" gives instructions | | | | market day. |
| to buy or sell at the current market price. The order | | | | Typically stocks are traded in multiples of 100, which |
| is usually executed at a price very close to what you | | | | are called "round lots." When other amounts are |
| are quoted when you order. Sometimes, however, | | | | traded, they are called "odd lots." Odd lot orders are |
| there can be a difference between the quoted price | | | | somewhat more difficult for trading software to |
| and the transaction price. This usually happens when | | | | handle, although both types of orders can certainly |
| the stock price is fluctuating or if the stock in not | | | | be accommodated. |
| actively traded. | | | | |